T1W7L2: Ionic Bonding

different types of bonding

how to link electronic configuration of elements on the periodic table bonding.
yesterday talked about metallic bonding.
alloy is mixture not compound.
- bronze or brass, which is a mixture of different metals.

electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions in network.

metal (not entirely true, for year 11 foundation chemistry it is fine) & non-metal.
examples:
- NaCl
- MgO
- CaCO3 (metal cation + non-metals anion)
- etc etc etc etc
to achieve stability of nearest noble gas, for example sodium, will lose an electron
- sodium chloride
  - $N a (2, 8, 1) \to N a^{+} (2, 8) + \overline{e}$
  - $Cl (2, 8, 7) + \overline{e} \to C l^{-} (2, 8, 8)$
  - as a result you get sodium chloride compound ( $N a Cl$ ) in 1:1 compound.
    - important to show ratio because it is a molecule and not a network.
- magnesium chloride
  - $M g (2, 8, 2) \to M g^{2_{+}} (2, 8) + 2 \overline{e}$
  - $Cl (2, 8, 7) + \overline{e} \to C l^{-} (2, 8, 8)$
  - $Cl (2, 8, 7) + \overline{e} \to C l^{-} (2, 8, 8)$
  - $M g C l_{2}$ , 1:2
lattice structure
sodium ions are in lattice, ions are not free to move, and cannot conduct charge, even though they are charged particles. the ions are not mobile.
- therefore, sodium chloride does not conduct electricity.
- however, sodium chloride solution does conduct electricity, because sodium chloride is disassociated into charged chloride and charged sodium.
  - cathode and anion in beaker, cation go to cathode, chloride goes to anode.
- if ionic compound is soluble, then it is good electrolyte.
  - the more soluble, the better electrolyte it is.

strong electrostatic forces of attraction (strong bonds).
a network of ionic bonds (lattice), so a lot of bonds to break to separate.
- requires a lot of heat energy.
  - usually has a high melting and boiling point
electrical conductivity
- not when solid, but when dissolved (always if they are soluble).
- are often soluble in water
brittle
- ions can be displaced, and ions with the same charge could be located close to each other, which causes them to repel, and lead the structure to shatter.

hey lois