intermolecular forces: forces between molecules. Cl2H2, H2O, CO2, C2H6O, CH3COOH, C24H50 (wax), C6H12O6 (glucose), proteins are molecules. these are sorted by state (gases, liquids, solids)

  • properties of covalent compounds
    • boiling point is relatively high.
      • the bottom line though is we cannot say all covalent compounds are gases/liquids/solids, because it depends.
    • some properties are consistent, like electro conductivity
      • covalent bonds are not good at electro conductivity
  • make allotropes part of ur vocabulary
    • diff physical form of the same element: diamond, graphite etc
  • all forces between molecules can be separated into three
    • one is dispersion forces (van der waals forces / london forces)
      • temporary fluctuating dipole induced dipole interaction. (?wtf)
      • not a very strong intermolecular force
        • cos its always switching !!!
        • so very weak forces of attraction
    • second is permanent dipole-dipole
    • third and strongest is hydrogen bonding